A new study has found that people taking semaglutide may face a slightly increased risk of developing nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a rare condition that causes sudden vision loss in one eye due to reduced blood flow to the optic nerve. The research showed a 32% increased relative risk of NAION among semaglutide users, although the absolute risk remains low—about 14 cases per 100,000 person-years. These findings align with a prior 2024 study from Mass Eye and Ear that reported a stronger link, suggesting a fourfold increased risk.

Despite this association, experts urge caution rather than alarm. The new study found no significantly increased risk of NAION when comparing semaglutide to other GLP-1 receptor agonists. In an accompanying editorial, researchers emphasized the broad systemic benefits of semaglutide—such as improved diabetes control, weight loss, and reduced cardiovascular risks—and advised against discontinuing the medication solely based on this potential eye risk. However, added caution may be warranted for patients with a history of vision loss or other optic nerve conditions. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and confirm the link.

Reference: Thompson D. Ozempic, Wegovy Linked To Potential Vision Loss. HealthDay. Published February 24, 2025. Accessed April 22, 2025. https://www.healthday.com/health-news/drug-center/ozempic-wegovy-linked-to-potential-vision-loss